了解如何使用 CSS 和 JavaScript 创建选项卡。
选项卡非常适合单页 Web 应用程序或能够显示不同主题的网页:
伦敦是英格兰的首都。
巴黎是法国的首都。
东京是日本的首都。
<!-- Tab links -->
<div class="tab">
<button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'London')">London</button>
<button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Paris')">Paris</button>
<button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Tokyo')">Tokyo</button>
</div>
<!-- Tab content -->
<div id="London" class="tabcontent">
<h3>London</h3>
<p>London is the capital city of England.</p>
</div>
<div id="Paris" class="tabcontent">
<h3>Paris</h3>
<p>Paris is the capital of France.</p>
</div>
<div id="Tokyo" class="tabcontent">
<h3>Tokyo</h3>
<p>Tokyo is the capital of Japan.</p>
</div>
创建按钮以打开特定选项卡内容。所有 <div> 元素class="tabcontent"
默认情况下隐藏(使用 CSS 和 JS)。当用户单击按钮时 - 它将打开"matches"此按钮的选项卡内容。
设置按钮和选项卡内容的样式:
/* Style the tab */
.tab {
overflow: hidden;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
background-color: #f1f1f1;
}
/* Style the buttons that are used to open the tab content */
.tab button {
background-color: inherit;
float: left;
border: none;
outline: none;
cursor: pointer;
padding: 14px 16px;
transition: 0.3s;
}
/* Change background color of buttons on hover */
.tab button:hover {
background-color: #ddd;
}
/* Create an active/current tablink class */
.tab button.active {
background-color: #ccc;
}
/* Style the tab content */
.tabcontent {
display: none;
padding: 6px 12px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-top: none;
}
function openCity(evt, cityName) {
// Declare all variables
var i, tabcontent, tablinks;
// Get all elements with class="tabcontent" and hide them
tabcontent = document.getElementsByClassName("tabcontent");
for (i = 0; i < tabcontent.length; i++) {
tabcontent[i].style.display = "none";
}
// Get all elements with class="tablinks" and remove the class "active"
tablinks = document.getElementsByClassName("tablinks");
for (i = 0; i < tablinks.length; i++) {
tablinks[i].className = tablinks[i].className.replace(" active", "");
}
// Show the current tab, and add an "active" class to the button that opened the tab
document.getElementById(cityName).style.display = "block";
evt.currentTarget.className += " active";
}
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如果要淡入选项卡内容,请添加以下 CSS:
.tabcontent {
animation: fadeEffect 1s; /* Fading effect takes 1 second */
}
/* Go from zero to full opacity */
@keyframes fadeEffect {
from {opacity: 0;}
to {opacity: 1;}
}
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要在页面加载时打开特定选项卡,请使用 JavaScript 在指定选项卡按钮上"click":
<button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'London')" id="defaultOpen">London</button>
<script>
// Get the element with id="defaultOpen" and click on it
document.getElementById("defaultOpen").click();
</script>
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如果您想关闭特定选项卡,请使用 JavaScript 通过单击按钮来隐藏该选项卡:
<!-- Click on the <span> element to close the tab -->
<div id="London" class="tabcontent">
<h3>London</h3>
<p>London is the capital city of England.</p>
<span onclick="this.parentElement.style.display='none'">x</span>
</div>
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提示:还请查看操作方法 - 垂直制表符。
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