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目录

Chart.js

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Chart.js是一个免费的 JavaScript 库，用于制作基于 HTML 的图表。它是最简单的 JavaScript 可视化库之一，并附带许多内置图表类型：

  • 散点图
  • 折线图
  • 条形图
  • 饼形图
  • 圆环图
  • 气泡图
  • 面积图
  • 雷达图
  • 混合图表

如何使用Chart.js？

1.添加指向提供的 CDN（内容分发网络）的链接：

<script
src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/Chart.js/2.9.4/Chart.js">
</script>

2.将 <canvas> 添加到 HTML 中要绘制图表的位置：

<canvas id="myChart" style="width:100%;max-width:700px"></canvas>

canvas 元素必须有一个唯一的 id。

典型的条形图语法：

const myChart = new Chart("myChart", {
  type: "bar",
  data: {},
  options: {}
});

典型折线图语法：

const myChart = new Chart("myChart", {
  type: "line",
  data: {},
  options: {}
});

条形图

源代码

const xValues = ["Italy", "France", "Spain", "USA", "Argentina"];
const yValues = [55, 49, 44, 24, 15];
const barColors = ["red", "green","blue","orange","brown"];

new Chart("myChart", {
  type: "bar",
  data: {
    labels: xValues,
    datasets: [{
      backgroundColor: barColors,
      data: yValues
    }]
  },
  options: {...}
});

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只给一根柱子上色：

const barColors = ["blue"];

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所有条形颜色相同：

const barColors ="red";

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色调：

const barColors = [
  "rgba(0,0,255,1.0)",
  "rgba(0,0,255,0.8)",
  "rgba(0,0,255,0.6)",
  "rgba(0,0,255,0.4)",
  "rgba(0,0,255,0.2)",
];

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单杠

只需将类型从 "bar" 更改为 "horizontalBar"：

type: "horizontalBar",

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饼状图

示例

new Chart("myChart", {
  type: "pie",
  data: {
    labels: xValues,
    datasets: [{
      backgroundColor: barColors,
      data: yValues
    }]
  },
  options: {
    title: {
      display: true,
      text: "World Wide Wine Production"
    }
  }
});

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圆环图

只需将类型从 "pie" 更改为 "doughnut"：

type: "doughnut";

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散点图

房价与面积

源代码

const xyValues = [
  {x:50, y:7},
  {x:60, y:8},
  {x:70, y:8},
  {x:80, y:9},
  {x:90, y:9},
  {x:100, y:9},
  {x:110, y:10},
  {x:120, y:11},
  {x:130, y:14},
  {x:140, y:14},
  {x:150, y:15}
];

new Chart("myChart", {
  type: "scatter",
  data: {
    datasets: [{
      pointRadius: 4,
      pointBackgroundColor: "rgba(0,0,255,1)",
      data: xyValues
    }]
  },
  options:{...}
});

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折线图

房价与面积

源代码

const xValues = [50,60,70,80,90,100,110,120,130,140,150];
const yValues = [7,8,8,9,9,9,10,11,14,14,15];

new Chart("myChart", {
  type: "line",
  data: {
    labels: xValues,
    datasets: [{
      backgroundColor:"rgba(0,0,255,1.0)",
      borderColor: "rgba(0,0,255,0.1)",
      data: yValues
    }]
  },
  options:{...}
});

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如果将 borderColor 设置为零，则可以散点图折线图：

borderColor: "rgba(0,0,0,0)",

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多条线路

源代码

const xValues = [100,200,300,400,500,600,700,800,900,1000];

new Chart("myChart", {
  type: "line",
  data: {
    labels: xValues,
    datasets: [{
      data: [860,1140,1060,1060,1070,1110,1330,2210,7830,2478],
      borderColor: "red",
      fill: false
    },{
      data: [1600,1700,1700,1900,2000,2700,4000,5000,6000,7000],
      borderColor: "green",
      fill: false
    },{
      data: [300,700,2000,5000,6000,4000,2000,1000,200,100],
      borderColor: "blue",
      fill: false
    }]
  },
  options: {
    legend: {display: false}
  }
});

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线性图

源代码

const xValues = [];
const yValues = [];
generateData("x * 2 + 7", 0, 10, 0.5);

new Chart("myChart", {
  type: "line",
  data: {
    labels: xValues,
    datasets: [{
      fill: false,
      pointRadius: 1,
      borderColor: "rgba(255,0,0,0.5)",
      data: yValues
    }]
  },
  options: {...}
});

function generateData(value, i1, i2, step = 1) {
  for (let x = i1; x <= i2; x += step) {
    yValues.push(eval(value));
    xValues.push(x);
  }
}

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函数图

与线性图相同。只需更改generateData参数：

generateData("Math.sin(x)", 0, 10, 0.5);

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