由于 SciPy 更专注于科学实现,因此它提供了许多内置的科学常量。
当您从事数据科学工作时,这些常量会很有帮助。
PI 是科学常量的一个例子。
可以使用以下命令查看常量模块下所有单位的列表dir()
功能。
这些单位属于以下类别:
返回指定单位仪表(例如centi
回报0.01
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.yotta) #1e+24
print(constants.zetta) #1e+21
print(constants.exa) #1e+18
print(constants.peta) #1000000000000000.0
print(constants.tera) #1000000000000.0
print(constants.giga) #1000000000.0
print(constants.mega) #1000000.0
print(constants.kilo) #1000.0
print(constants.hecto) #100.0
print(constants.deka) #10.0
print(constants.deci) #0.1
print(constants.centi) #0.01
print(constants.milli) #0.001
print(constants.micro) #1e-06
print(constants.nano) #1e-09
print(constants.pico) #1e-12
print(constants.femto) #1e-15
print(constants.atto) #1e-18
print(constants.zepto) #1e-21
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返回指定单位字节(例如kibi
回报1024
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.kibi) #1024
print(constants.mebi) #1048576
print(constants.gibi) #1073741824
print(constants.tebi) #1099511627776
print(constants.pebi) #1125899906842624
print(constants.exbi) #1152921504606846976
print(constants.zebi) #1180591620717411303424
print(constants.yobi) #1208925819614629174706176
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返回指定单位公斤(例如gram
回报0.001
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.gram) #0.001
print(constants.metric_ton) #1000.0
print(constants.grain) #6.479891e-05
print(constants.lb) #0.45359236999999997
print(constants.pound) #0.45359236999999997
print(constants.oz) #0.028349523124999998
print(constants.ounce) #0.028349523124999998
print(constants.stone) #6.3502931799999995
print(constants.long_ton) #1016.0469088
print(constants.short_ton) #907.1847399999999
print(constants.troy_ounce) #0.031103476799999998
print(constants.troy_pound) #0.37324172159999996
print(constants.carat) #0.0002
print(constants.atomic_mass) #1.66053904e-27
print(constants.m_u) #1.66053904e-27
print(constants.u) #1.66053904e-27
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返回指定单位弧度(例如degree
回报0.017453292519943295
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.degree) #0.017453292519943295
print(constants.arcmin) #0.0002908882086657216
print(constants.arcminute) #0.0002908882086657216
print(constants.arcsec) #4.84813681109536e-06
print(constants.arcsecond) #4.84813681109536e-06
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返回指定单位秒(例如hour
回报3600.0
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.minute) #60.0
print(constants.hour) #3600.0
print(constants.day) #86400.0
print(constants.week) #604800.0
print(constants.year) #31536000.0
print(constants.Julian_year) #31557600.0
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返回指定单位米(例如nautical_mile
回报1852.0
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.inch) #0.0254
print(constants.foot) #0.30479999999999996
print(constants.yard) #0.9143999999999999
print(constants.mile) #1609.3439999999998
print(constants.mil) #2.5399999999999997e-05
print(constants.pt) #0.00035277777777777776
print(constants.point) #0.00035277777777777776
print(constants.survey_foot) #0.3048006096012192
print(constants.survey_mile) #1609.3472186944373
print(constants.nautical_mile) #1852.0
print(constants.fermi) #1e-15
print(constants.angstrom) #1e-10
print(constants.micron) #1e-06
print(constants.au) #149597870691.0
print(constants.astronomical_unit) #149597870691.0
print(constants.light_year) #9460730472580800.0
print(constants.parsec) #3.0856775813057292e+16
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返回指定单位帕斯卡(例如psi
回报6894.757293168361
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.atm) #101325.0
print(constants.atmosphere) #101325.0
print(constants.bar) #100000.0
print(constants.torr) #133.32236842105263
print(constants.mmHg) #133.32236842105263
print(constants.psi) #6894.757293168361
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返回指定单位平方米(例如hectare
回报10000.0
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.hectare) #10000.0
print(constants.acre) #4046.8564223999992
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返回指定单位立方米(例如liter
回报0.001
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.liter) #0.001
print(constants.litre) #0.001
print(constants.gallon) #0.0037854117839999997
print(constants.gallon_US) #0.0037854117839999997
print(constants.gallon_imp) #0.00454609
print(constants.fluid_ounce) #2.9573529562499998e-05
print(constants.fluid_ounce_US) #2.9573529562499998e-05
print(constants.fluid_ounce_imp) #2.84130625e-05
print(constants.barrel) #0.15898729492799998
print(constants.bbl) #0.15898729492799998
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返回指定单位米每秒(例如speed_of_sound
回报340.5
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.kmh) #0.2777777777777778
print(constants.mph) #0.44703999999999994
print(constants.mach) #340.5
print(constants.speed_of_sound) #340.5
print(constants.knot) #0.5144444444444445
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返回指定单位开尔文(例如zero_Celsius
回报273.15
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.zero_Celsius) #273.15
print(constants.degree_Fahrenheit) #0.5555555555555556
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返回指定单位焦耳(例如calorie
回报4.184
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.eV) #1.6021766208e-19
print(constants.electron_volt) #1.6021766208e-19
print(constants.calorie) #4.184
print(constants.calorie_th) #4.184
print(constants.calorie_IT) #4.1868
print(constants.erg) #1e-07
print(constants.Btu) #1055.05585262
print(constants.Btu_IT) #1055.05585262
print(constants.Btu_th) #1054.3502644888888
print(constants.ton_TNT) #4184000000.0
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返回指定单位瓦特(例如horsepower
回报745.6998715822701
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.hp) #745.6998715822701
print(constants.horsepower) #745.6998715822701
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返回指定单位牛顿(例如kilogram_force
回报9.80665
)
from scipy import constants
print(constants.dyn) #1e-05
print(constants.dyne) #1e-05
print(constants.lbf) #4.4482216152605
print(constants.pound_force) #4.4482216152605
print(constants.kgf) #9.80665
print(constants.kilogram_force) #9.80665
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