There are three number types in R:
numeric
integer
complex
Variables of number types are created when you assign a value to them:
x <- 10.5 # numeric
y <- 10L # integer
z <- 1i # complex
A numeric
data type is the most common type in R, and contains any number with or without a decimal, like: 10.5, 55, 787:
x <- 10.5
y <- 55
# Print values of x and y
x
y
# Print the class name of x and y
class(x)
class(y)
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Integers are numeric data without decimals. This is used when you are certain that you will never create a variable that should contain decimals. To create an integer
variable, you must use the letter L
after the integer value:
x <- 1000L
y <- 55L
# Print values of x and y
x
y
# Print the class name of x and y
class(x)
class(y)
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A complex
number is written with an "i
" as the imaginary part:
x <- 3+5i
y <- 5i
# Print values of x and y
x
y
# Print the class name of x and y
class(x)
class(y)
Try it Yourself »
You can convert from one type to another with the following functions:
as.numeric()
as.integer()
as.complex()
x <- 1L # integer
y <- 2 # numeric
# convert from integer to numeric:
a <- as.numeric(x)
# convert from numeric to integer:
b <- as.integer(y)
# print values of x and y
x
y
# print the class name of a and b
class(a)
class(b)
Try it Yourself »
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